Numerical Study on Hydrogen–Gasoline Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition Engine

Hydrogen, as a suitable and clean energy carrier, has been long considered primary fuel or in combination with other conventional fuels such gasoline diesel. Since the density of hydrogen is very low, port fuel-injection configuration, engine’s volumetric efficiency reduces due to replacement by intake air. Therefore, direct in-cylinder injection (injection after valve closes) can be solution for utilization spark ignition (SI) engines. In this study, effects different shares (HES) on performance emissions characteristics port-injection SI engine are investigated based reactive computational fluid dynamics. Three timings together five HES applied at low full load hydrogen–gasoline dual-fuel engine. The results show that retarded timing increases concentration near plug, resulting areas higher average temperatures, which led NOX emission deterioration ?120 Crank angle degree After Top Dead Center (CAD aTDC) start (SOI) compared modes. At CAD aTDC SOI 50% HES, amount was 26% than ?140 SOI. meanwhile, an advanced formed homogeneous mixture hydrogen, decreased HC soot concentration, so implied lowest soot. Moreover, increase concentrations CO, CO2 were reduced. Having SOI, particulate matter (PM), CO reduced 96.3%, 90% 46%, respectively. However, more complete combustion elevated temperature, increased drastically.